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Paramilitarism

In Northern Ireland, many communities are still experiencing threats, intimidation and violence by paramilitary groups and associated gangs.

Paramilitarism poses serious safeguarding risks, including:

  • child criminal exploitation - children and young people are being groomed and exploited by paramilitaries and coerced into committing acts of violence and other criminal activities.  
  • vulnerable groups are at risk of all forms of harm and abuse.
  • psychological harm - as well as physical danger and criminalisation, harms include trauma, complex mental health issues, engagement in risk-taking behaviours and substance misuse.
  • community intimidation – silencing victims and blocking access to support.
  • radicalisation. 

Page last updated: 12 November 2025